---
title: "Question 88: What are the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption? | Westminster Shorter Catechism"
description: "Westminster Shorter Catechism, question 88: What are the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption? The outward means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the Word, Sac"
canonical: "https://ctkrp.org/shorter-catechism/question-88-what-are-the-outward-and-ordinary-means-whereby-christ/"
source: "https://ctkrp.org/assets/rpcna-constitution-2026.pdf#page=169"
---

# Question 88: What are the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption? | Westminster Shorter Catechism

The outward means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the Word, Sacraments, and prayer; all which are made effectual to the elect for salvation.

Scripture proofs: Matt. 28:19-20; Acts 2:42, 46-47.

Original source: [2026 RPCNA Constitution](https://ctkrp.org/assets/rpcna-constitution-2026.pdf#page=169)

## Related reading

- [Keeping the Lord’s Day](https://ctkrp.org/learn/topics/lords-day/)
- [Westminster Confession of Faith · Chapter 21: Of Religious Worship, and the Sabbath Day](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-21-religious-worship-and-the-sabbath-day/)
- [Westminster Shorter Catechism · Question 1: What is the chief end of man?](https://ctkrp.org/shorter-catechism/question-1-what-is-the-chief-end-of-man/)
- [Westminster Larger Catechism · Question 1: What is the chief and highest end of man?](https://ctkrp.org/larger-catechism/question-1-what-is-the-chief-and-highest-end-of-man/)
- [Find teaching on worship](https://ctkrp.org/sermons/?q=worship)
- [Question 87](https://ctkrp.org/shorter-catechism/question-87-what-is-repentance-unto-life/)
- [Question 89](https://ctkrp.org/shorter-catechism/question-89-how-is-the-word-made-effectual-to-salvation/)

Canonical page: https://ctkrp.org/shorter-catechism/question-88-what-are-the-outward-and-ordinary-means-whereby-christ/