--- title: "Chapter 11: Of Justification | Westminster Confession of Faith" description: "Westminster Confession of Faith, chapter 11: Of Justification 1. Those whom God effectually calleth, He also freely justifieth: not by infusing righteousness into them, but by pardoning t" canonical: "https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-11-justification/" source: "https://ctkrp.org/assets/rpcna-constitution-2026.pdf#page=46" --- # Chapter 11: Of Justification | Westminster Confession of Faith 1. Those whom God effectually calleth, He also freely justifieth: not by infusing righteousness into them, but by pardoning their sins, and by accounting and accepting their persons as righteous, not for anything wrought in them, or done by them, but for Christ’s sake alone; nor by imputing faith itself, the act of believing, or any other evangelical obedience to them, as their righteousness, but by imputing the obedience and satisfaction of Christ unto them, they receiving and resting on Him and His righteousness by faith; which faith they have not of themselves, it is the gift of God. Scripture proofs: Rom. 8:30; Rom. 3:24; Rom. 4:5-8; 2 Cor. 5:19, 21; Rom. 3:22, 24-25, 27-28; Titus 3:5, 7; Eph. 1:7; Jer. 23:6; 1 Cor. 1:30-31; Rom. 5:17-19; Acts 10:43; Gal. 2:16; Phil. 3:9; Acts 13:38-39; Eph. 2:7-8. 2. Faith, thus receiving and resting on Christ, and His righteousness, is the alone instrument of justification; yet it is not alone in the person justified, but is ever accompanied with all other saving graces, and is no dead faith, but worketh by love. Scripture proofs: John 1:12; Rom. 3:28; Rom. 5:1; Jas. 2:17, 22, 26; Gal. 5:6. 3. Christ, by His obedience and death, did fully discharge the debt of all those that are thus justified, and did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to His Father’s justice in their behalf. Yet, inasmuch as He was given by the Father for them; and His obedience and satisfaction accepted in their stead; and both freely, not for anything in them; their justification is only of free grace; that both the exact justice, and rich grace of God, might be glorified in the justification of sinners. Scripture proofs: Rom. 5:8-10, 19; 1 Tim. 2:5-6; Heb. 10:10, 14; Dan. 9:24, 26; Isa. 53:4-6, 10-12; Rom. 8:32; 2 Cor. 5:21; Matt. 3:17; Eph. 5:2; Rom. 3:24; Eph. 1:7; Rom. 3:26; Eph. 2:7. 4. God did, from all eternity, decree to justify all the elect, and Christ did, in the fulness of time, die for their sins, and rise again for their justification: nevertheless, they are not justified, until the Holy Spirit doth, in due time, actually apply Christ unto them. Scripture proofs: Gal. 3:8; 1 Pet. 1:2, 19-20; Rom. 8:30; Gal. 4:4; 1 Tim. 2:6; Rom. 4:25; Col. 1:21-22; Gal 2:16; Titus 3:3-7. 5. God doth continue to forgive the sins of those that are justified; and, although they can never fall from the state of justification; yet they may, by their sins, fall under God’s fatherly displeasure, and not have the light of His countenance restored unto them, until they humble themselves, confess their sins, beg pardon, and renew their faith and repentance. Scripture proofs: Matt. 6:12; 1 John 1:7, 9; 1 John 2:1-2; Luke 22:32; John 10:28; Heb. 10:14; Ps. 89:31-33; Ps. 51:7-12; Ps. 32:5; Matt. 26: 75; 1 Cor. 11:30, 32; Luke 1:20. 6. The justification of believers under the old testament was, in all these respects, one and the same with the justification of believers under the new testament. Scripture proofs: Gal. 3:9, 13-14; Rom. 4:22-24; Heb. 13:8. ## For kids — a study explanation (ages 10–13) These explanations are separate from the official text above. Words to knowJustificationGod’s declaring a sinner forgiven and righteous because of Christ, received through faith.RighteousnessBeing right according to God’s perfect standard.Imputed righteousnessChrist’s obedience counted as the believer’s, rather than acceptance earned by the believer’s deeds. ### WCF 11.1 · Accepted because of Jesus God forgives his people and declares them righteous because of Christ, not because of goodness inside them or deeds they perform. He counts Jesus’ obedience and satisfaction for sin as theirs. Faith receives and rests on Christ; it is not itself the righteousness that earns acceptance. Even this faith is God’s gift. Explore the ScripturesRomans 8:30; Romans 3:24; Romans 4:5-8. Talk about itWhy can we not earn God’s acceptance by being good enough? [Read original paragraph 1 →](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-11-justification/#paragraph-1) ### WCF 11.2 · Faith receives; love follows Faith alone receives Christ and his righteousness for justification. But saving faith never stays alone in a person’s life: God also gives love and other graces. Living faith produces loving action. Those actions show faith is alive; they do not become an extra basis for justification. Explore the ScripturesJohn 1:12; Romans 3:28; Romans 5:1. Talk about itHow can good works follow faith without paying for salvation? [Read original paragraph 2 →](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-11-justification/#paragraph-2) ### WCF 11.3 · Grace and justice together Jesus’ obedience and death fully paid his people’s debt and satisfied God’s justice. The Father freely gave him for them and accepted his work in their place. They did nothing to earn it. Our justification therefore displays both God’s perfect justice and his generous grace. Explore the ScripturesRomans 5:8-10; 1 Timothy 2:5-6; Hebrews 10:10. Talk about itHow does the cross show both justice and mercy? [Read original paragraph 3 →](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-11-justification/#paragraph-3) ### WCF 11.4 · God applies salvation in time God planned from eternity to justify his chosen people. Jesus died and rose to accomplish their salvation. But they are not actually justified until the Spirit applies Christ’s saving work to them at the appointed time. An eternal plan and its fulfillment in someone’s life are different things. Explore the ScripturesGalatians 3:8; 1 Peter 1:2; Romans 8:30. Talk about itHow is planning a gift different from actually giving it? [Read original paragraph 4 →](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-11-justification/#paragraph-4) ### WCF 11.5 · Forgiven children still need correction God continues to forgive justified believers, and they cannot lose their justified standing. Still, their sins displease him as a Father. They may lose the comfort of his favor until they humble themselves, confess, ask forgiveness, and turn back in faith. His fatherly correction is not a return to condemnation. Explore the ScripturesMatthew 6:12; 1 John 1:7; 1 John 2:1-2. Talk about itHow is a father correcting his child different from rejecting the child? [Read original paragraph 5 →](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-11-justification/#paragraph-5) ### WCF 11.6 · One way of being made right Believers before Jesus’ coming were justified in the same way as believers afterward. God accepted them by grace through faith because of Christ. Old Testament people did not earn salvation by keeping laws while New Testament people received it freely. Explore the ScripturesGalatians 3:9; Romans 4:22-24; Hebrews 13:8. Talk about itWere Old Testament believers accepted by a different standard? [Read original paragraph 6 →](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-11-justification/#paragraph-6) ### Discuss and remember Read the chapter together, then choose a question to talk about. - Why can God accept a sinner who trusts in Jesus? - What is the difference between receiving a gift and earning a reward? #### Scripture to remember Romans 5:1 [Read the memory passage in our Bible reader →](https://ctkrp.org/bible/?q=Romans%205%3A1) Read the passage in context. Explain it in your own words, then practice one short phrase at a time. Review it together during the week. #### Put it into practice Explain why our good works cannot pay for our sins. [Find help for family worship](https://ctkrp.org/family-worship/) Original source: [2026 RPCNA Constitution](https://ctkrp.org/assets/rpcna-constitution-2026.pdf#page=46) ## Related reading - [Salvation by grace through faith](https://ctkrp.org/learn/topics/salvation-by-grace/) - [Westminster Confession of Faith · Chapter 10: Of Effectual Calling](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-10-effectual-calling/) - [Westminster Shorter Catechism · Question 29: How are we made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ?](https://ctkrp.org/shorter-catechism/question-29-how-are-we-made-partakers-of-the-redemption-purchased/) - [Westminster Larger Catechism · Question 67: What is effectual calling?](https://ctkrp.org/larger-catechism/question-67-what-is-effectual-calling/) - [Read RP Testimony chapter 11](https://ctkrp.org/testimony/chapter-11-justification/) - [Chapter 10](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-10-effectual-calling/) - [Chapter 12](https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-12-adoption/) Canonical page: https://ctkrp.org/confession/chapter-11-justification/